Science and technics

In Ancient Greece, extraction of gemstones was considered a matter of national importance. At times, the war could start at the territories if they were rich in precious stones. One such location was the city of Chalcedon, situated on the shore of the Sea of Marmara. Numerous stones of various colors and shades were mined there. Local people called them "chalcedony", which gave the name to the mineral itself.

The paper addresses issues of using the active rectifier in partially loaded variable frequency drive as active filter in the conditions of non-sinusoidal current and voltage disturbances caused by the presence of high-power nonlinear load in the grid. The topology of transformless three-level converter for 6-10 kV suitable for proposed solution has been presented and its mathematical model has been de-rived. Based on the model, the direct power control algorithm with ability to compensate non-linear currents has been designed. The investigation of active rectifier efficiency was performed depending on the relation between linear and non-linear load currents of the grid node, as well as on active power load of the active rectifier. Efficiency analysis was based on the developed computer model of the grid node with connected non-linear load simultaneously with the variable frequency drive with active rectifier.

Natural chalk is characterized by a fine-grained structure. The processing of chalk in conditions traditional for calcium carbonate baking is accompanied by its almost destruction and the formation of a huge amount of dust. The paper presents strength characteristics of chalk and chalky stone baking obtained with different temperature-time conditions of heating the raw material to a temperature of 450-600 C. The uniaxial compression method was used to determine the strength depending on variable factors.

The article is a continuation of the research on the production of silver rubles and the development of Russian coinage. Graduates of the Saint-Petersburg Mining University contributed to the reputation and history of the SaintPetersburg Mint as an advanced and high-tech production.