In 1950, 31 new minerals were discovered in the USSR, including 14 previously unknown to science. In 1954 and 1955, the first primary diamond deposits were identified in the country—kimberlite pipes ”Zarnitsa,” ”Mir,” and ”Udachnaya” in Yakutia, later recognized as some of the largest in the world. Around the same time, the ”Finch” pipe was discovered in South Africa, and the Shinkolobwe mine in Congo revealed a series of new minerals, including yttionite, beckerite, scootite, curite, fourmarierite, and masuyite.