OIL AND GAS
Petr Bujok, CSc, Professor, Higher Mining and Metallurgical School – Ostrava Technical University, Czech Republic;
Martin Klempa, PhD, Deputy Director, Higher Mining and Metallurgical School – Ostrava Technical University, Czech Republic;
Marek Jakubcik, Director, Main Mining Rescue Station, Czech Republic;
Yakub Ryba, PhD student, Higher Mining and Metallurgical School – Ostrava Technical University, Czech Republic;
Mikhail Porzer, PhD, Higher Mining and Metallurgical School – Ostrava Technical University, Czech Republic.
Abstract
The most important raw materials for different industries are oil and natural gas. With increasing consumption, the demand for drilling and the quality of production increases. Therefore, the exploration and production of hydrocarbons requires not only first-class machinery and technological equipment, but also qualified personnel.
Exploration and drilling, production of hydrocarbons, like any other industry, cannot avoid accidents, emergencies and catastrophes. The worst type of well accident is undoubtedly an open eruption of the extracted crude oil. Open eruption can lead to serious injuries to the rig personnel, damage and destruction of equipment, negative environmental impact and loss of crude oil.
Exploratory drilling can cause the rise of pressure and its subsequent manifestations. During the first deep drilling, there may not be enough information about the drilled horizons. If the reservoir pressure in the production horizon is higher than the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the well (for example, drilling mud), the formation fluids flow into the well and move towards the surface, which causes open eruption. The rig personnel must be properly trained to be able to recognize the occurrence of rising pressure by various signs and to respond effectively to the situation. Sometimes, under the influence of the human factor or equipment failure, open eruption still occurs. The article discusses the possibilities of eliminating open eruptions with drilling tools.
Keywords: drilling tools; eruption; elimination; equipment for utilization; practicality of equipment; rescue station
Full text PDF.
Scientifiс periodical «Zapiski Gornogo Instituta / Journal of Mining Institute» has been published since 1907 as a periodical scientific and scientific-educational edition in Saint-Petersburg Mining University. The periodicity of publishing is 6 volumes per year.